Sizing machine for paper shells



Aug. 25, 1925. 1,551,210

J. M. oLlN ET AL.

sume MACHINE FOR PAPER sHELLs Filed Feb; 1o. 1923 4 sheets-sheet 2 Aug. 25, 1925.

J. M. OLlN ET AL SIZING MACHINE FOR PAPERSHELLS Patented Aug. 25, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,551,210 PATENT oFEicE.

JOHN M. OLIN, GEORGE W. SCHAUERTE, ANI) HANS ERNSTq OF EAST ALTON, ILLINOIS,

ASSIGNORS TO WESTERN CARTRIDGE COMPANY,

POR-ATION F DELAWARE.

SIZING MACHINE Application filed February To @ZZ 107mmt may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN M. OLIN, GEORGE 1V. Sci-MUERTE, beth citizens of the United States, and HANS ERNST, a subject of the King of Great Britain, all residing at 'East Alton, county of Madison, Illinois, have invented the new and useful Improvement in Sizing Machine-s for .Paper Shells, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to machine for sizing paper tubes or the like.

In the art of making` paper tubes, as, for instance, for the manufacture of paper shells .such as are used in shot guns and the like, it is often necessaryto size the tubes with considerable accuracy so that the shells may accurately fit the bore of the gun. Since the tubes` are made of paper and are, therefore, somewhat weak, the sizing process must be carried on without subjecting the tubes to undue Vstrain such as would take place, for instance, if a tube were held at one end and forced through a die beginning at the other end as is usual in sizing other kinds of tubes. Furthermore as it is practically impossible to remove all strain from the tube during the sizing process, provision must be made for stopping the operation in case of failure of the tube by breaking, buckling or the like or clicking of the machine or other abnormal condition.

AOne of the objects of this invention, therefore, is to provide a tube sizing machine wherein the tube shall be held for operation so as to avoid unduly straining the tube. f

Another object of this invention is to provide such a machine which shall automatically stop the operation'in case of abnormal conditions developing.

Another object of this invention is to provide novel `means for greasing the tube before subjecting it to the sizingV operation.

Further objects will appear from the detail description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of one end of a machine embodying this invention;

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the other end of the machine;

Figure is an end elevation as seen from the right hand end of Figure 2;

OF EAST ALTON, ILLINOIS, A .COR-

FOR PAPER SHELLS.

10, 1923. Serial No. 618,241.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken on line 4--/l, Figurel;

Figure 5 is a vertical section on line 5 5, Figure 2; i

Figure G is a detail showing the arrangements for-stopping the operation upon failure o-f a tube; and

Figure Y is a Vsection on line 7-7, Figure 6.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the machine comprises a bed 1 supported on piers 2. Mountedon brackets 3 and 4 on the bed 1 is a tube magazine comprising a Vpair of 11p-right channels 5 and 6, closed at the bottom by lips 118 intofwhich the tubes 7 mayy be inserted either by hand or by suitable automatic machinery not shown. The tubes 7 havetheir ends confined in the channels 5 and 6 and rest one upon another in a vertical stack. Supported on the brackets 3 and 8 on the bed 1 is a tube greasing device comprising a hopper 9 into which suitable greasing material, such as vase-line, may be fed. The hopper 9 communicates with a horizontal cylindrical barrel 10 traversed by a shaft 11 carrying a screwconveyor 12. Une' endof the barrel 10 is provided at the side nearest the tube magazinewith a series of perforations 13 adapted to deliver grease to the greasing roll 14. The roll 14 is mounted to rotate with its face in contact with the barrel `1() at the perforations 18, and to contact also with the tubes 7 descending in the channels 5 and 6. As the tubes feed downwardly step by step, alongthe tube magazine, each one co-mes in contact with the roll 14 and receives therefrom a partial coating of grease at one end thereof. f

The machine is driven by a belt 15 from any suitable source of power not shown. The belt 15 acting through a pulley 16 r0- -tates the shaft 17 connected by a releasable clutch 18 to a shaft 19 which, whenthe clutch 18 is in engagement, forms an extension of the shaft 17. The shaft 19 carries a bevel pinion 20engaging a bevel gear 21 on a transverse shaft 22 mounted underneath the bed of the machine.

The shaft 22 also carries a spur pinion 23 meshing with a gear 24 on a crank shaft mounted transversely of the bed.' The which is adapted to slide in guides 28 on a lever 29 pivoted at 30 near the bottom of one of the piers 2. Pivoted at 3l to the upper end of the lever 29 is a link 32 which connects the lever 29 with a sliding block 33.

- The block 33 is arranged to slide on ways 34 arranged within the bed l. The block 33 carries a transverse shaft 35 carrying at one end thereof a pinion 36 meshing with a stationary rack 37 iixed to the bed l, and at the other end a gear 38 meshing with a rack 39 on a slidingvcarriage 40. The cai riage 40 is arranged to slide on ways 4l on the bed l.

The crank shaft 25 carries at its rear end a bevel gear 42 adapted to mesh with a corresponding bevel gear 43 on a shaft 44 running in a direction longitudinally of the bed and mounted in suitable bearings 45. The shaft 44 carries at its extremity a cam 46 engaging a cam roller 47 on an arm 48 pivoted at 49 on the pier 2 and having an extension 50 connected with a spring 51 suitably anchored at 52 on the pier so as to maintain the roller 47 in engagement with the cam 46. Pivoted at `520 at the upper end of the arm 48 is an adjustable link 53 connected with one arm of a bell crank 54 mounted on a pin 55 and carrying at its other-.end a pawl 56 adapted to engage a ratchet 57 also mounted on the pin 55. A spring 58 connected to the pawl 56 and the bell crank 54 holds the pawl in engagement with the ratchet. Mounted on the pin and fixed' to the ratchet 57 is a geary 59 meshing with a pinion 6() on the rear end of a shaft 6l running lengthwise of the bed and having bearings in brackets 62 and 4 thereon. The shaft 61 passes through a bracket 63 depending from the carriage 40, said shaft'being splined to a sleeve 64 having abearing in said bracket and having lixed thereto a pinion 65 engaging a gear 66 on a rotating head 67 mounted for rotation in a housing 68 on the carriage 40. The head 67 carries at diametrically opposite points thereon' a pair of mandrels 69 adapted to carry vand support a tube during the sizing operation.

The operation of the mechanism so far described is as follows: The shaftl9 beingr uniformly driven and acting through the gears 2Q, 2l, 23 and 24 drives the crank shaft The crank shaft 25 As the block 33 moves forward or to the left, Figure 2, the engagement of the gear 36 with the rack 37 will cause the shaft 35 to rotate, thereby driving the .gear 38 and, therefore, the rack 39 so as to move the carriage 40 forward along the ways 41. This movement moves one of the mandrels 69 which has previously received a tube thereon with a feeding movement through the sizing apparatus to `be described presently. At the same time the other mandrel 69 will be passed into the lowermost tube in the magazine channels 5 and 6. Upon return movement of the arm 29, the carriage will again be drawn back so as to withdraw the mandrels 69, the firstl one leaving its tube in the sizing apparatus as will presently be described, and the other carrying with it the lowermost tube from the tube magazine, the web of the channel 6 being cut away at the lowest point to permit such withdrawal.

j The shaft 44 carrying the cam 46 rotates at the same speed as the crank shaft 25, the gears 42 and 43 being equal. Consequently the arm 48 which is actuated by the cam 46 will be reciprocated once foreach movement of the carriage 40 forward and back. The cam 46 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 3. It will be noted that this cam is provided with a sudden rise at 70. The cam is adjusted so that this sudden rise engages the roller 47 just as soonas the'carriage 40 has been withdrawn until the mandrels 69 arel clear of the sizing mechanism and the tube magazine.` Then this engagement takes place, the arm 48 will be quickly moved to the left, Figure 3,

whereby the bell crank 54 will be given ar corresponding movement so as to turn the ratchet 57 through a distance corresponding to the throw ofthe pawl 56 in the present case one-third of a revolution. This has the effect ofturningthe gear 59 through part of a revolution. pinion 60 and the shaft 6l carrying the gear 65 which in turn rotates the gear 66. The gear ratios are such that this movement of the arm 48 results in a half revolution of the head 67 so as to interchange the positions of the mandrels'69.

The sizing apparatus is mounted in a pair of brackets 7l and 72.v A sleeve V73 is mounted in ball bearings7 4 and 75 in the brackets 7l and y72 respectively. This sleeve has keyed'thereto a pulley 76 for driving the same and carries at one end a sizing die 77. Mounted in the bracket 72 is a sleeve 78 passing over the sleeve 73 and carrying a ball bearing 79 upon which'the pulley 80 lis adapted to run, said pulley carrying a short sleeve 8l in which is mounted another sizing die 82. A stationary sleevef83 is mounted in a bracket 84 and extends through the bore of thefsleeve 73 to a point adjacent the dies 77 and 82. The sleeve 83 carries at its extremity This gear in turn rotates the` a clutch device of any suitable type adapted to prevent retrograde movement yof the tube being operated upon. As seen from Figure 4, the structure is such that the dies 77 and 82 are mounted closely adjacent one another. The pulleys 76 and 80 are driven by means of belts 86 and 87 from any suitable source of power not shown. The arrangement of the belts is such, as :tor ins stance by crossing the belt 87, that the dies 77 and 82 are driven in opposite directions or at relatively different speeds.

Mounted on the bracket 4 and closely adjacent the die 82 is a hood 88. This hood is pivoted at 89 to the bracket 4 and engages a fastening screw 90 for securing the same in place. By loosening the screw 90 the hood may be swung about the pivot 89 so as to clear the mechanism. Mounted on the hood 88 and pivoted at 91 and 92 is a pair of arms 93 and 94 respectively. These arms carry beveled blades or abutments arranged to rest upon opposite sides of the tube7 being operated upon. The arms 93 and 94 are held in engagement with the tube by a spring 96. These arms are arranged to move in slots 115 in a cover plate 116 mounted on the hood 88. The inner walls 117 serve as abutments to receive the arms 93 and 94 when the mandrel is drawn out from between the blades 95. This keeps the arms from collapsing so as to prevent the entrance of another tube. The blades 95 snap together behind the tube when it has been fed in all the way, so as to prevent retrograde movement of the tube upon withdrawal of the mandrel. `The arm 94 has an extension 97 engaging an adjusting screw 98 on the lever 99 pivoted at 100 on the brackets 4 and connecting by a link 101 with a spring-pressed latch bolt 102 arranged in the path of a lever 103 pivoted at 104 on one of the piers 2 and tensioned by a spring 105 anchored to the bed 1. The arm 103 is provided with an extension 106 beyond the pivot 104 and connected to an adjustable link 107 connected tothe operating element of the clutch 18. By referring to Figures 1 and 6, it will be seen that should a tube fail by buckling or the like, the abutment 95 will be shifted from the normal position, thereby shitting the arm 99 which, acting through the link 101, withdraws thebolt 102 out of the path of the arm 103 which is thereby released so as to swing to the left, Figure 1. At the same time, the extension 106 moves the link 107 so as to release the clutch 9 and st op the feeding mechanism.

` Rsum of operations.

The tubes to be operated upon are fed to the tube magazine comprising the channels 5 and 6 and vfeed downwardly therealong by gravity. As each tube passes the roll 14 it receives a coating of grease therefrom. The

roll 141is supplied withn grease from the barrel 10 in a. manner already described. The roll 14 and the conveyor 12 mayv be mechanically driven by means of gears 108, 109 and 110 driven by a belt wheel 111 from any suitable source of power. Supposing an operation on a tube to be just beginning, the carriage 40 will have been withdrawn to its extreme right hand position, Figures 1 and 2. In this position, the arm 29 will just be beginning its. movement to the left, Figure 2, so as to start the feeding-operation. This moves the carriage 40 slowly to t-he left as pie viously described. Such movement of the carriage enters the tube 7 to be operated .upon into the dies 82 and 77. These dies tube, whereby the stresses in the tube are` reduced to a minimum. At the same time each die holds the tube against rotation by the other die and, therefore, holds the tube `for operation thereupon by the other die.

As the carriage 40 moves forward, the tube being operated upon is passed through the dies and at the same time the other .mandrel is passed or entered` into the lowermost tube in the magazine. Upon completion of the sizing operation the carriage will be moved backward on the return stroke. Upon such movement, the clutching device 85, supplemented by the blades 95, will prevent the tube from being withdrawn with the mandrel. while at the same time a lowermost tube in the magazine will be withdrawn therefrom as the mandrel recedes. The head 67 is locked against rotation during these operations by the latch 112 controlled by an arm 113. The latch 112 is in the form ot a sliding bolt provided with a rack adapted to engage a pinion 119 on a shaft 120 on the Y end ofwhich the arm 113 is loosely nxiounted.

The arm 113 is providedwith an extension 121 substantially at .right angles therewith. i

A spring 122 anchored on the housing 68 is connected with the extension 121 so as to maintain the arm 113 yieldinglyin its downwardly extending position as shown in Figure 1. An arm 123 is fixed to the shaft 120 adjacent the arm 113. This arm is `held by a spring 124 in retracted position so as to maintain the latch 112 in engagement with the head 67 The arm 123 is provided with a pin projecting into thepath ot' the arm 113 so that when said arm moves to the left, Figure 1, it will strike the pin, move the arm 123 to the left, Figurel, thereby rotating the shaft 120 and the pinion 119 so as to withdraw the latch and release the head 67 for rotation.` As the carriage 40 moves backward on the return stroke, a roller on the end oi' the arm 113 engages ian Y the abutment' 114 adjustably mounted adj acent the ways tl. The abutment 11.4L is adjusted to such a position along the ways 411 so as to engage the arm 113 at/the proper moment to latch the head G7 for rotation by the action of ldie cam rise as previously described. The abutment 114 at both ends is tapered so that the arm 113 can ride completely over it. The camrise 70 acts to rotate the head 6T during the time that the arm 11S is passing over the flat top of the abutment 114. f Vihen the arm 113 passes the abutment-114, the head 67 has already been rotated out of engagement with the latch 112 so rthat said latch will under the action of the spring 1241 bevbrought to bear against the fiat rear surface of the head V67 until said head has executed a` half revolution when the 4latch will drop into the second notch so astio lock the head'for the next operation. As the next forward stroke commences, the arm-113 again rides over the abutment lll'but is this time deflected to the right, Figure 1, which movement will have no effect on the latch 112. Such a half revolution of the head 57 swings the man drels 69 so asto bring the one carrying the new tube just extractedfrom the magazine to thefposition for-operation by the dies and-positions the other mandrel so as to be ready to enter the'nexttube inthe magazine. Upon completion of these movements, the next forward strolere isready tov begin and the cycleof operations is repeated.

Should failure of'the'tiibe or choking. of the mechanism occur, the tubebcing of paper willY buckle at the point where it enters the die 82 soA that the elenients 95 will be actriated to stop the feed as previously described.

It will be noted, therefore, that this invention accomplishes its objects. The dies spaced closely adjacent one another and rotating-relatively are adapted to relieve the tube ofI excessive strains and at the same time, each die holds the rtube for operation bythe other. The greasing of the tubes in the magazine and prior'to being inserted in the dies provides smooth operation of the dies and lea-ves the tubes with a high finish. TheV machine automatically takes the tubes from the magazine and passes them through the sizing mechanism. Provision is made for .abnormal conditions, such as themechanical failure of the tube,'by which Vis meant breaking, bursting, buckling, collapsing or the like, or the choking of the mechanism so that the operation is stopped if any such abnormal conditions should develop. j

It is obvious that various changes may be made in details of construction without departing from the spirit of this invention; it is, therefore, to be understood that this invention is not to be limited to the specific details shown and described;

` Having vthus described the invention, what is claimed is: f 'y f 1. In theart ofsizing tubes, the process comprising, passing the' tube through dies arranged-in tandem, andv rotating the dies relatively in order rto cause one die to hold the tube for operation thereon by the other. 2. In the art of sizing tubes,` the process coi'np'risino', passing the tube'through dies arranged closely adjacent and in tandem, and rotating the dies relatively in order to cause one die to hold the tube for operation thereon bytheother. 1 l

a pair of dies arranged in tandem foroperation onthe tube, and means for rotating said dies relatively', adapted to cause one die to hold the tube for operation thereon by the other. i A Y 4. Aomachinc forV sizing tubes comprising, apair ofl dies arranged closely adjacent and in'tandem Afor operation on the tube, andmeans for j rotating said dies' relatively, adaptedto cause one die to hold the tube for operation thereon by the other.

5. A machine for sizing tubes comprising, mechanism for'operating onthe tribe, means for passing the tubci through said mechanism, 'and means continuously engaging the tube` for retaining` the same against retro# grade movement.

o. A machine for sizing tubes comprising,

G. Amachine for siziug'tubes comprising, f

mechanism for operating on the tube, a reciprocating lelement for passing the tube through said mechanism, and means continuously' engaging-'the tube for retaining the same against retrograde movement.

7. :A machine for sizing tubes comprising, nachanismfor operating on the tube, means for passing the `tube through said mecha-- nism, and means movable by and acting npronabvnormal condition of the tube adapted to stop operation on the tube.

8. A machine for sizing tribes comprising,

niechanisnr'for operating on the tube, meansfor p'assingthe tube through said mechan nism, and mea-ns acting upon mechanical failureof the tube adapted to stop operation on'the'tube. j l j 9. A machipe for sizing tubes comprising, mechanism foi-operating on the tube, means for passing'the tubev through said mecha-- nism,y and' an element adjacent the tube adapted upon abnormal condition thereof to effect stopping of the operation thereon.

10. A maehinefor sizing tubes Comprising, mechanism' for operating on the tube, means for passing the tube through said mechanism, and an element shifted upon mechanical failure of the tube adapted to effect stopping ofthe operation thereon. 11. A machine for sizing tubescomprising, mechanism for operating on the tube, means for passing the tube through said mechanism, and an? element shifted by thel tube upon abnormal condition thereof adapted to effect stopping of the operation thereon.

12. A machine for sizing tubes comprising, a tube magazine, mechanism for operating` on the tubes, mea-ns for taking the tubes from said magazine and for passing them through said mechanism, and means for. greasing the tubes While in the magazine.

13. A machine for sizing tubes compris ing, a tube magazine, mechanism for operating on the tubes, means for taking the tubes from said magazine and for passing` them through said mechanism, and means cooperating with said magazine for applying grease to the tubes before they are passed through said mechanism.

14. A machine for sizing tubes comprising, mechanism for operating on the tube, means for passing the tube through said mechanism, and greasing mechanism arranged in the path 'of the tubes in said magazine.

In testimony whereof We aiiix our signa tures this 29th day of January, 1923.

JOHN M. OLIN. GEORGE V. SCHAUERTE. HANS ERNST. 

